Opthametry

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What is CAIRS Keratoplasty?

What is CAIRS keratoplasty? CAIRS stands for Corneal Allogenic Intrastromal Ring Segments. It’s a type of corneal transplant where human donor corneal tissue is placed inside the cornea in a ring-like fashion to strengthen and reshape it. This is a newer form of keratoplasty that uses allogenic (donor) tissue instead of synthetic rings. Corneal Allogenic Intrastromal Ring…
MCQ on Spherical contact lens fitting

Multiple choice questions on spherical contact lens fitting- Answers
What is Kaleidoscope Vision?

What is Kaleidoscope Vision? As an optometrist, we often encounter patients with a wide range of visual concerns, but one of the more perplexing and fascinating experiences they describe is “kaleidoscope vision.” This term, evocative of the playful, fragmented patterns we see through a child’s toy, is far from a source of delight for those…
Buphthalmos: Understanding the Enlarged Eye in Pediatric Glaucoma

Learn about buphthalmos, a rare pediatric eye condition marked by enlarged eyeball size due to increased intraocular pressure. Understand its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management in this concise guide for optometry students.

What is Sherington’s Law ?

What is Sherrington’s Law of Reciprocal Innervation ? Sherrington’s law states that when an eye moves there is an agonist muscle that contracts tomove the eye and an opposing antagonist that relaxes allowing unopposed free rotation. Forexample on adduction the MR muscle contracts and the LR muscle relaxes. Sherrington’s lawrelates to ductions, which is a…
What is Anterior Capsular Phimosis After Cataract Surgery

Anterior Capsular Phimosis After Cataract Surgery Anterior capsular phimosis—also known as the anterior capsule contraction syndrome—is a postoperative condition characterized by progressive centripetal shrinkage of the anterior capsulorhexis following cataract surgery. If the contraction becomes excessive, it can obstruct the visual axis, alter the effective lens position, and in severe cases, threaten intraocular lens (IOL)…
Methoxyflurane-Induced Crystalline Retinopathy: A Rare Toxic Retinal Disorder

Methoxyflurane-Induced Crystalline Retinopathy: A Rare Toxic Retinal Disorder Toxic retinopathies represent a unique and challenging category of retinal diseases, often emerging silently and progressing despite minimal clinical symptoms in early stages. One rare but clinically significant condition in this group is methoxyflurane-induced crystalline retinopathy — a retinal toxicity associated with cumulative exposure to methoxyflurane, an inhalational anesthetic…

What is Calcific Band Keratopathy?

Calcific Band Keratopathy: Key Clinical Insights for Optometrists What is Calcific Band Keratopathy? Calcific Band Keratopathy (CBK) is a degenerative corneal condition characterised by calcium hydroxyapatite deposition in the: The deposits form a horizontal, interpalpebral, band-like opacity across the cornea — hence the name band keratopathy. Why It Matters for Optometrists Optometrists are often the first point of contact for these patients. Recognising CBK…
Breakthrough in Vision Restoration: The PRIMA Bionic Chip Lets Blind Patients Read Again

Breakthrough in Vision Restoration: The PRIMA Bionic Chip Lets Blind Patients Read Again A revolutionary retinal implant called the PRIMA bionic chip is giving hope to patients with macular degeneration. Read about how this wireless microchip helps the blind see and what experts say about its future. For generations, blindness from retinal degeneration—especially age-related macular…
Vitreous Cyst: A Rare and Fascinating Ocular Finding

Vitreous Cyst: A Rare and Fascinating Ocular Finding A 20-year-old female presented with complaints of floaters in her right eye. On fundus examination, a smooth, pigmented, mobile cystic body was observed near the optic disc — a classic presentation of a vitreous cyst. What makes this case interesting is the absence of any history of…